Game

Selasa, 29 Maret 2011

Call of Duty: Black Ops

Overview
Black Ops is a first-person shooter. The player assumes the role of a foot soldier who can wield various firearms, of which two at a time can be carried; throw grenades and other explosives; and use other equipment as weapons. A player close enough to an enemy can kill with one knife blow. A character can take three stances: standing, crouching, or prone; each affects rate of movement, accuracy, and stealth. The player can dive prone from a standing position when running. The player can momentarily sprint but will then grow tired. The screen glows red to indicate damage to a player's health, which goes away over time. When the character is within the blast radius of a live grenade, a marker indicates the direction of the grenade, helping the player to flee or throw it back. Among the game's weapons are crossbows with bolts and explosive ammunition, Dragon's Breath rounds and ballistic knives.

Campaign

The player assumes the role of various characters during the single-player campaign, changing perspectives throughout the story. The playable characters are special forces operatives conducting black operations behind enemy lines. In this way, the player's characters have their own traits such as voices and shadows. Each mission features a series of objectives that are displayed on the heads-up display, which marks the direction and distance towards and from such objectives. The player is accompanied by friendly troops throughout the game. Although primarily a first-person shooter, the player pilots a Hind helicopter and guides friendly troops from a SR-71 Blackbird reconnaissance aircraft. The campaign features several scripted cinematic moments. One of them is a bullet time effect during the "Victor Charlie" level, activated when the player fires toward the last enemy of a Viet Cong squad.
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MSI Big Bang-Marshal

The Big Bang-Marshal (B3) enthusiast mainboard, which made its debut at CES 2011, used its complete expandability, excellent performance and extreme features to attract the attention of many users and media but did not showcase all the details. During this year's CeBIT2011, the Big Bang-Marshal (B3) will be completed unraveled for consumers. MSI's newest flagship product, the Big Bang-Marshal (B3), not only uses MSI's newest quality standard – built with second generation military standard materials and parts – it also supports the industry's maximum 8 slots PCI-E 2.0x16 design, and is equipped with Creative's top-class X-Fi MB2 sound field enhancement technology. It can simultaneously take care of the three most important elements that gamers and power users care most about: system stability, graphics performance and audio experience.

Overclockers also get the best feature set to push their system to the limit: a 24-phase DrMOS power design, dual 8-PIN CPU power supply, a 6-PIN VGA power supply design -- all which can steadily provide power when overclocking the CPU and mainboard, achieving optimal performance.

ASUS ENGTX550 Ti DC TOP/DI/1GD5

Overview
Top-selected and Extreme overclocked
Factory overclocked to performs at an incredible 975MHz, 75MHz faster than stock performance, resulting in higher frame rates in games.

DirectCU
Precision mounted DirectCU copper heatpipes in direct contact with the GPU for rapid heat dissipation – creating 20%* cooler and quiet performamce in idle.

ASUS Smart Doctor
Your intelligent hardware protection and powerful overclocking tool

Super Alloy PowerSuper
Alloy Power technology uses special alloy formula in critical power delivery components for a 15% performance boost, 35°C cooler operation and 2.5 times longer lifespan.

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MSI 880GMS-E35

Overview

Auto OC Genie
In the past, users needed to adjust settings for CPU and Memory in BIOS menu to overclock.  The relation between these ratios and clocks speeds are extremely complicated, taking up to 30 minutes to find the right settings for an optimized PC.  Auto OC Genie simplifies it all into one button press. Where high-end CPUs are usually priced around 1000 USD, Auto OC Genie allows you to take a 200 USD CPU (1/5 the price) to reach the same performance. Your C/P ratio rises up 500% immediately for the ultimate value.
 
Features
- The world’s first Auto Overclocking Processor
- Upgrade full system performance in 1 sec
- Auto detect overclocking settings of CPU and Memory
- Compatible with Intel/AMD platform

MSI P67A-GD80 (B3) Mainboard Debuts

World-renowned mainboard and graphics card manufacturer MSI has released the latest board to support Inte's Sandy Bridge processors and aimed towards enthusiasts: the P67A-GD80 (B3) mainboard. Utilizing MSI's various P67's exclusive specifications and technologies, such as the Military Class II Components standard which symbolizes high quality and stability, the comprehensive OC Genie II one-touch overclocking system, the uEFI-based ClickBIOS technology, and the SuperCharger function that provide mobile devices with the optimal charging. It also has a built in 12 phase DrMOS power supply and 3 sets of PCI-E x16 2.0 expansion slots, providing a more stable power supply for overclocking and for support up to a maximum of three-way multi-GPU computing.

Minggu, 27 Maret 2011

AMD Opteron™ 6000 Series Platform

The AMD Opteron™ 6000 Series platform, offering the industry’s only twelve-core x86 processor. Built to excel when the workload gets tough.

Performance for demanding workloads

Match tough workloads with the right fit server platform, and realize superior performance in memory and compute intensive workloads.

Consistent platform that scales:

Take control now with Direct Connect 2.0 architecture consistency, including power, virtualization and memory innovations, and socket compatibility with planned AMD Opteron™ 6200 Series processor.

Business value without compromise:

Gain advantages normally reserved for high-end systems, with exceptional value, low total cost of ownership, and generational consistency.

Target: Enterprise Class 2-way and 4-way Servers
Twelve-core and Eight–core, L2 – 512K/core, L3 - 12MB of shared L3 Cache
AMD CoolCore™ technology, AMD PowerNow!™ technology, Enhanced C1 state, AMD CoolSpeed technology, APML (in APML enabled platforms)
Quad-Channel U/RDDR3 & LV U/RDDR3, ECC, support for on-line spare memory
Supports up to 3 DIMMs/channel, up to 12 DIMMS per CPU
Planned platforms 2P/2U, 2P Tower, 4P rack,
4P Blade

Single Series for performance DP and MP platforms
2P economics for 4P servers
Compelling price/performance for volume market

G34 Socket Infrastructure
Balanced performance with power/thermals
Quad 16-bit HyperTransport™ 3 technology (HT3) links, up to 6.4 GT/s per link

AMD Radeon™ HD 6950 Graphics

AMD Radeon™ HD 6950 GPU Feature Summary

  • Up to 800MHz Engine Clock
  • 2GB GDDR5 Memory
  • 1250MHz Memory Clock (5.0 Gbps GDDR5)
  • 160 GB/s memory bandwidth (maximum)
  • 2.25 TFLOPs Single Precision compute power
  • 562.5 GFLOPs Double Precision compute power
  • Double slot form factor
  • TeraScale 3 Unified Processing Architecture
    • 1408 Stream Processors
    • 88 Texture Units
    • 128 Z/Stencil ROP Units
    • 32 Color ROP Units
  • High Speed 256-bit GDDR5 memory interface
  • PCI Express 2.1 x16 bus interface
  • “Eye-Definition” graphics
    • New and advanced architecture
      • Full DirectX® 11 support
      • Scalable geometry processing technology
      • Shader Model 5.0
      • DirectCompute 11
      • Dual advanced programmable hardware tessellation units
      • Accelerated multi-threading
      • HDR texture compression
      • Order-independent transparency
    • OpenGL 4.1 support
    • Image quality enhancement technology
      • Up to 24x multi-sample and super-sample anti-aliasing modes
      • Adaptive anti-aliasing
      • Enhanced Quality Anti-Aliasing (EQAA)
      • Morphological Anti-Aliasing (MLAA)
      • 16x angle independent anisotropic texture filtering
      • 128-bit floating point HDR rendering
         

AMD Radeon™ HD 6990 Graphics

  • Harnessing the incredible power of dual second-generation DirectX® 11-capable GPUs, the AMD Radeon HD™ 6990 is quite simply the fastest graphics card in the world.6
  • Featuring 4GB of high-speed GDDR5 memory, the AMD Radeon™ HD 6990 is the definitive solution for ultra-high resolution gaming across up to six simultaneous displays.1
  • Break barriers. Crush records. Flip the Unlocking Switch and take your AMD Radeon™ HD 6990 beyond the bleeding edge.8
  • Higher clocks. Faster gaming. Devastatingly intelligent power management. That’s AMD PowerTune technology on the AMD Radeon™ HD 6990.7

MSI GX680 Gaming Laptop Unleash superior power and mobility

MSI GX680 Gaming Laptop
MSI is rolling out its new generation GX680 notebook computer featuring the Intel® second generation Core™ i7 quad core processor, the high-end nVidia GeForce GT 555M discrete graphics card, 4 DDR3 memory slots, accelerated dual hard disk architecture, and ultimate smart wrap around sound experience courtesy of Dynaudio, THX TruStudio Pro.

Taipei—Clumsy desktop PCs are out and notebooks are in. MSI has unveiled the new generation GX680 NB featuring Intel's second generation Core™ i7 quad core processor, the DirectX 11-supporting nVidia GeForce GT 555M discrete graphics card, four DDR3 memory slots, and accelerated dual hard disk architecture, packing the punch of a desktop PC into a highly portable laptop.

Eric Kuo, associate vice president for global sales, MSI Notebook, notes that the GX680 notebook computer boasts superior performance and the best wrap around sound available. MSI worked closely with Dynaudio to determine ideal speaker locations to obtain obstruction-free sound transmission. What's more, new generation GX680 features cinema-grade THX TruStudio Pro smart wrap around sound, so regardless of the kind of music you play, it's faithfully reproduced.

Lightning Strikes Twice!! MSI Launches N580GTX Lightning and R6970 Lightning

MSI N580GTX
These cards are specifically designed to handle the extreme overclocking which eager gamers and media outlets around the world have been waiting for. Industry-leading Power4 architecture and Twin Frozr III dual-fan cooling with innovative Propeller Blade technology brings together a solid power supply with advanced cooling technology. This results in huge boosts to overclocking potential and stability, enabling the air-cooled N580GTX Lightning to break the 1GHz core clock barrier with ease. The Lightning series of graphic cards is designed to offer the ultimate in overclocking capabilities and is the superior choice for overclocking enthusiasts seeking to set new world records!

Jumat, 25 Maret 2011

Intel Core i7-990X Extreme Edition Review

There has been so much fuss about Intel's new Sandy Bridge LGA1155 processors recently that it's easy to forget about Intel's other range of LGA1366 CPUs. Intel actually pitches its X58 chipset and corresponding CPUs as its high-end offerings; theoretically, this means they reside above Sandy Bridge-based processors in the performance tree.

As we've seen, though, LGA1155 CPUs and motherboards are incredibly quick and outrageously overclockable, and can often put their LGA1366 stable mates to shame.

NVIDIA GEFORCE GTX 590 IS WORLD’S FASTEST GRAPHICS CARD

SANTA CLARA, Calif.—March 24, 2011—NVIDIA today introduced the GeForce® GTX® 590, the fastest dual graphics card available today which also happens to be the world’s quietest too. Powered by dual NVIDIA Fermi™-class GPUs on a single card, the GTX 590 is designed for űber enthusiasts and those looking to build the ultimate PC gaming rig.

IT Books with Computer Hardware and Networking Books

books
Information technology books provide a wide coverage of information technology that basically includes software applications and computer hardware. Information technology books are functional for the professionals engaged in Information technology consulting, Information technology enabled services, Computing, Software, and Business process outsourcing industries. Information Technology books provide a range of fundamental information covering the IT and IT enabled service sector. Information technology books covers Data Management, Database Systems Design, Software Design, Management Information Systems, Computer Networking and Systems Management. Information technology is a major driver of technological and economic change.

Kamis, 24 Maret 2011

Hardware Computers

Hardware Computers

Overclocking Your CPU To The Extreme Review – Worth The Money?

Many people do not really realize the potential that their computer has. When you purchase a new computer, you are typically buying it for work, school or gaming. Gaming is what the computer is typically used for the most. There are millions of gamers out there as we speak, which is why the gaming market is booming right now. In order to get a computer that works at a higher speed for your games you need a new system or should upgrade the one you have--right? Luckily for you there is a secret that will allow you to get your computer up to speeds that you never even dreamed about--it's called "Overclocking Your CPU To The Extreme"--and it can work wonders for you if you want to overhaul your PC experience and add some much needed speed.

What is overclocking? Overclocking is a method that is used in order to make the computer a lot faster. Now there are several programs and products that you can "waste" your money on to make your computer faster. But, if you take a look at a new set of secrets you should be able to get your computer going at unbelievable speeds utilizing a guide that is very much worth the small fee charged. Think of all of the gaming that you could be doing if your computer ran just a bit faster--or a LOT faster. Guess what? You can do this--using "Overclocking Your CPU To The Extreme" a new guide that will allow you to easily and quickly overclock your computer to get you the most out of your processor. This means faster computing, faster graphics and a better overall experiencing.

Why Anti Virus Programs Are Important For Your PC

Today, nobody can do without PC virus protection. Virus security is certainly one of the most important elements in laptop security.

You may feel that your Microsoft Windows computer is protected because you have already got an anti virus software package running. Yet, take heed! No anti-virus software program can be 100% effective and your anti virus security is only as effective as its last update.

Rabu, 23 Maret 2011

P6X58-E WS Workstation Motherboard

ASUS Launches the P6X58-E WS Workstation Motherboard


Proving the Intel® X58 architecture’s enduring potential and value, the P6X58-E WS ships with multi-GPU support for both NVIDIA® SLI™ and AMD CrossFireX™, SATA 6Gb/s and USB 3.0. It also includes built-in server-class Intel® LAN, as well as ASUS-developed highlights such as Xtreme Phase power delivery and EPU energy consumption optimization. The new board ships with the ASUS “24X24” pledge, meaning 24-hour non-stop operation and 24-month guaranteed market availability to reduce costs due to involuntary product replacement. 

GTX550 Ti

 ASUS Debuts GTX550 Ti DirectCU Ultimate and TOP Edition Graphics Cards

The new ASUS Ultimate GTX550 Ti DirectCU and GTX550 Ti DirectCU TOP continue ASUS graphics card tradition, shipping overclocked power up to 1015 MHz* for exceptional gaming performance. ASUS exclusive DirectCU offers the advantages of 20% cooling out of its direct GPU contact, all-copper cooling design, as well as exclusive Super Alloy Power quality components for faster performance and longer lifespan.

Product highlights

  • New Ultimate GTX550 Ti DirectCU and GTX550 Ti DirectCU TOP graphics cards use top-grade cores and ship factory overclocked to 1015MHz and 975MHz*, respectively, much faster than the 900MHz default.
  • ASUS GTX550 Ti DirectCU cards apply award-winning DirectCU cooling with all-copper heat pipes touching the GPU core directly for improved heat transference - running up to 20%* cooler than reference under full load.
  • Super Alloy Power offers an exclusive ASUS development that injects a custom alloy mixture into critical power delivery components – offering a performance boost of 15%* and running up to 35°C cooler than reference. Super Alloy Power graphics cards also average a 2.5* times longer product lifespan compared to generic designs.

MSI CX640 and CR640

MSI CX640 and CR640, Ultimate Multimedia NBs Sophisticated, stylish, friendly design, redefining laptop

MSI rolled out a new generation of C Series notebook computers. The CX640 and CR640, which pack Intel's 2nd generation Core i™ processor, feature a slender profile, a crystal diamond finish touchpad, and an F1 racecar push start power button. These and other details add a touch of sophistication to these powerfully chic machines.

Taipei—Who says laptop computers are all the same? MSI has unveiled the CX640 and CR640, two epoch-making notebooks in terms of both appearance and functions. Details, like the F1 racecar push start power button, the slender, layered, forward-tapering profile, the touchpad with crystal diamond finish, the concealed hotkey design, the flat black case with metallic brush finish, and the streamlined DVD drawer button, combine to give you the feeling that you are at the controls of a sophisticated high-end racecar.

Eric Kuo, associate vice president for global sales, MSI Notebook, points out that the new generation CX640 and CR640 sport Intel’s powerful 2nd generation Core i™ CPU and MSI's fast boot technology which gets these impressive laptops up and running in half the time that it takes most other notebooks. They also feature other MSI innovations, such as enhanced data protection which employs MSI's own software and hardware technologies to bolster structural design to safeguard the hard drive against sudden shocks. Another example is Time Stamp backup and restoration which backs up data in just seconds. Two layers of protection technology to double your peace of mind.

MSI Unveils N550GTX-Ti Graphics cards Featuring Cyclone II Cooling and Propeller Blade Technology

Leading global graphics card and motherboard maker MSI today officially unveils the N550GTX-Ti Cyclone II 1GD5 and N550GTX-Ti-M2D1GD5 graphics cards based on the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 550 Ti GPU. With 1GB, 192-bit bandwidth graphics memory, the MSI N550GTX-Ti Cyclone II 1GD5 features the new Cyclone II cooling solution. MSI's exclusive "Propeller Blade" technology provides improved cooling performance with 20% more airflow compared to conventional fans. Matched with the popular Cyclone Heatsink, the result is an operating temperature 23 degrees lower than the reference board under full load! The latest MSI Afterburner V2.1.0 overclocking utility1 can also adjust the GPU voltage of the graphics card, boosting overclocking performance by more than 10% to fully unleash the card's potential2. The new MSI N550GTX-Ti graphics card utilizes the latest Military Class components to extend service life and durability. The N550GTX-Ti graphics cards also support NVIDIA's proprietary PhysX and 3D Vision technologies so you can enjoy stereoscopic 3D entertainment in the comfort of your own home!
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Why Device Drivers Are Important To Your Computer

What is a Computer Device Driver? According to Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, "A device driver or software driver is a computer program allowing higher-level computer programs to interact with a device. A driver typically communicates with the device through the computer bus or communications subsystem to which the hardware is connected. When a calling program invokes a routine in the driver; the driver issues commands to the device. Once the device sends data back to the driver, the driver may invoke routines in the original calling program. Drivers are hardware-dependent and operating-system-specific. They usually provide the interrupt handling required for any necessary asynchronous time-dependent hardware interface."

Fishbowl Inventory Hosting Enhances Hosted QuickBooks’ Functionality

Fishbowl Inventory is the leading inventory management software for QuickBooks users. With Fishbowl, you have all the tools you need to effectively manage your inventory and cut business expenses.

It is faster, user-friendly, and reliable software giving you full peace of mind. It is a powerful tool for businesses, including both large and small. You save both time and money by taking advantage of its features. Fishbowl, as a QuickBooks add-on, seamlessly integrates with QuickBooks, giving you complete control over both your accounting and inventory records in one place.

As it is already well known that QuickBooks hosting provides many advantages, there by, hosting QuickBooks add-on is also very beneficial for any business. Fishbowl which is a QuickBooks add-on can be very easily co-hosted with QuickBooks.¬

Learn about how to deal with the Shell32 dll error

Shell32.dll is an important file that helps support the Window Shell API functions. The file is a type of dynamic link library file. The main function of the file is to help the system properly open files and Web pages. The file is crucial for the stability of the Windows system. It prevents unnecessary delays and will make sure that operations run smoothly. The file is mostly used in a range of Microsoft programs, including the Internet Explorer. Nonetheless, despite it's functionality it is not spared from errors. Here it is telling you how to fix the Shell32.dll error.

One way to fix this error is to change the Search Bar setting in your registry. Care should be taken when performing this procedure, as mistakes can cause critical errors in your PC. It's a very delicate procedure, and maybe not recommended for the inexperienced user. For this approach, the first step that you need to do is to open the registry. Click on Start then choose Run. Next is to type "regedit" on the blank field that will appear on your screen before pressing Enter to confirm. Once inside the registry, locate the path "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main."

Minggu, 20 Maret 2011

How You Can Get Computer Easier To Use

At times, utilizing a pc just isn't extremely comfortable. Sitting there throughout the day lengthy sometimes can make you feel tired as well as fatigued despite the fact that you are not moving around that a lot. There are numerous modifications that you are able to make that make your pc a lot more comfy to utilize for numerous hours each day. Discover what they are to ensure that it is possible to have ease and comfort once more.

The initial factor that you must do is actually get a easy chair that really fits you. This might be somewhat costly but it is worthwhile to obtain a cozy chair. It is possible to invest a few hundred for this and have this last for quite a few years producing it well worth the cost. You'll need A single that has several adjustments to make sure that you are able to use a comfy healthy posture and peak at your computer.

computer runs slow - how to fix this problem and save money

If you experience your system crashing down or freezing for a few minutes that calls for shutting down, chances are your computer has data overload. There is no need to worry because it is but normal for computers to slow down when there is too much data stored. Windows registry can help you bring back your computer to its usual operating status.

It is important to note the memory capacity and the type of processor that you have in your computer. This information will greatly help you to know how much data you can store and how fast your computer should be able to process. Hard drives today have big capacity but you can fill this up to the limits because aside from the usual data that you store, photos and videos also occupy large space and the result is your computer runs slow.

If you plan to buy the latest computer, it is better to take one with a dual core processor if you want a better performance. It will definitely be on a higher price but it will save you more in the long run because of the performance and will save you from spending on upgrading later on

How to know the hardware information of laptop computers ?

When buy notebook computers,we should also check the hardware configuration, with some professional software, such as EVEREST, windows optimization guru, GPU-Z, CPU-Z, HDTune and other detailed information can be found, but sometimes when we do not carry any professional software, Then how can we know the information of the computers ? There are several methods.

1.Through the "Device Manager"

Right-click "My Computer", select "Properties", then click the "hardware" tab, in Device Manager box, click the "Device Manager" in the pop-up window will set out the the various hardware installed on your computer . To view specific information card, double-click the card icon to display the card, right-click and select "Properties" dialog box pops up in the following you can see the device name, manufacturer, model, work status and other information , even in the "Advanced" option where you can see system resources occupied by the hardware and interrupt requests. Similarly, mouse, keyboard, modem and other hardware information is also available that view.

Tips To Follow Before You Buy Computer Hardware

For a computer to perform as efficiently and effectively, good hardware configuration is a must. From the very basic functioning to running the most advanced softwares, the hardware set up holds the key. The component of a computer hardware usually includes keyboards, monitor, mouse, printers, scanners, Central Processing Unit (CPU), disk drives, digital flash drives, audio and video cards, motherboard, processor, graphic card, memory chips, RAM and cables. For proper programming and functioning of the computers, it is necessary that the above mentioned hardware is in proper functioning. However, while you are seeking to buy computer hardware, you need to recognize the several options you have at bay.

Although there are traditional ways you can opt while you look to buy computer hardware, you must also explore the dimension that online domain has brought forth. Today, there are innumerous hardware shops which operates online and facilitate online buying and selling of hardware products. The growing trend of online shopping provides you an array of options of choosing a large number of hardware products that are available under different brands and series. So, you may visit a large number of products with scrolls and clicks of the mouse.

Latest Computer Hardware News and Reviews - Keep reading

Seeing as there are plenty of various kinds of computer products and hardware out there, it really is understandable that we now have another great deal of various computer magazines available. You can learn computer information from these magazines. They can be employed by people in order to get great ideas of which computers will likely be more preferable for you to utilize, in the process. These magazines come in different form like for leisure, for business, or technical information. Apple computer is included in magazines particularly for Apple users, as well. This information will will give you little peek into many of the several magazines available today.
For folks who do not know isn't even close to world, First Glimpse is among the finest magazines to purchase. No only feature more knowledge about the perfect kinds of computers to make use of, but also other designs of electronics that will be employed in society lately. This is terrific for those who are aiming to get more info regarding hardware and ways in which it functions for just a certain computer.
Folks who want to enter into some type of computer business must be conscious you will find magazines that may satisfy the requirements, at the same time. A case in point is InfoWorld, the magazine that contain understanding of information technology hardware. This can include news and date on merchandise inside i . t industry.

Jumat, 18 Maret 2011

What is a Proxy Server

A proxy server is a server (a computer system or an application) that acts as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers. A client connects to the proxy server, requesting some service, such as a file, connection, web page, or other resource, available from a different server. The proxy server evaluates the request according to its filtering rules. For example, it may filter traffic by IP address or protocol. If the request is validated by the filter, the proxy provides the resource by connecting to the relevant server and requesting the service on behalf of the client. A proxy server may optionally alter the client's request or the server's response, and sometimes it may serve the request without contacting the specified server. In this case, it 'caches' responses from the remote server, and returns subsequent requests for the same content directly.
source from : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_server

What is Web Server 

A web server can be referred to as either the hardware (the computer) or the software (the computer application) that helps to deliver content that can be accessed through the Internet.
The most common use of Web servers is to host Web sites but there are other uses like data storage or for running enterprise applications.
source from : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_server
What is Firewall
A firewall is a device or set of devices designed to permit or deny network transmissions based upon a set of rules and is frequently used to protect networks from unauthorized access while permitting legitimate communications to pass.
Many personal computer operating systems include software-based firewalls to protect against threats from the public Internet. Many routers that pass data between networks contain firewall components and, conversely, many firewalls can perform basic routing functions.

History of firewall
The term firewall originally referred to a wall intended to confine a fire or potential fire within a building; cf. firewall (construction). Later uses refer to similar structures, such as the metal sheet separating the engine compartment of a vehicle or aircraft from the passenger compartment.
·        The Morris Worm spread itself through multiple vulnerabilities in the machines of the time. Although it was not malicious in intent, the Morris Worm was the first large scale attack on Internet security; the online community was neither expecting an attack nor prepared to deal with one.


First generation: packet filters

The first paper published on firewall technology was in 1988, when engineers from Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) developed filter systems known as packet filter firewalls. This fairly basic system was the first generation of what became a highly evolved and technical internet security feature. At AT&T Bell Labs, Bill Cheswick and Steve Bellovin were continuing their research in packet filtering and developed a working model for their own company based on their original first generation architecture.
This type of packet filtering pays no attention to whether a packet is part of an existing stream of traffic (i.e. it stores no information on connection "state"). Instead, it filters each packet based only on information contained in the packet itself (most commonly using a combination of the packet's source and destination address, its protocol, and, for TCP and UDP traffic, the port number).
TCP and UDP protocols constitute most communication over the Internet, and because TCP and UDP traffic by convention uses well known ports for particular types of traffic, a "stateless" packet filter can distinguish between, and thus control, those types of traffic (such as web browsing, remote printing, email transmission, file transfer), unless the machines on each side of the packet filter are both using the same non-standard ports.
Packet filtering firewalls work mainly on the first three layers of the OSI reference model, which means most of the work is done between the network and physical layers, with a little bit of peeking into the transport layer to figure out source and destination port numbers.[2] When a packet originates from the sender and filters through a firewall, the device checks for matches to any of the packet filtering rules that are configured in the firewall and drops or rejects the packet accordingly. When the packet passes through the firewall, it filters the packet on a protocol/port number basis (GSS). For example, if a rule in the firewall exists to block telnet access, then the firewall will block the IP protocol for port number 23.
source from : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewall_%28networking%29
What is Computers


A computer is a programmable machine designed to sequentially and automatically carry out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations. The particular sequence of operations can be changed readily, allowing the computer to solve more than one kind of problem. 
Conventionally a computer consists of some form of memory for data storage, at least one element that carries out arithmetic and logic operations, and a sequencing and control element that can change the order of operations based on the information that is stored. Peripheral devices allow information to be entered from external source, and allow the results of operations to be sent out.
A computer's processing unit executes series of instructions that make it read, manipulate and then store data Conditional instructions change the sequence of instructions as a function of the current state of the machine or its environment.
The first electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century (1940–1945). Originally, they were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computer (PCs).
Modern computers based on integrated circuit are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space. Simple computers are small enough to fit into mobile device, and can be powered by a small battery. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of theInformations Age and are what most people think of as "computers". However, the embedded computers found in many devices from mp3 players to fighter aircaft and from toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.
from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer

Kamis, 17 Maret 2011

Definisi Proxy

Teknik proxy adalah teknik yang standar untuk akses Internet secara bersama-sama oleh beberapa komputer sekaligus dalam sebuah jaringan lokal (LAN) melalui sebuah modem atau sebuah saluran komunikasi. Proxy server adalah sebuah komputer server atau program komputer yang dapat bertindak sebagai komputer lainnya untuk melakukan request terhadap contenhttp://renditkj.blogspot.com/2008/09/pengertian-proxy.htmlt dari Internet atau intranet.

Proxy server bertindak sebagai gateway terhadap dunia maya untuk setiap komputer klien. Proxy server tidak terlihat oleh komputer klien sehingga seorang pengguna yang berinteraksi dengan Internet melalui sebuah proxy server tidak akan mengetahui bahwa sebuah proxy server sedang menangani request yang dilakukannya. Web server yang menerima request dari proxy server akan menginterpretasikan request-request tersebut seolah-olah request itu datang secara langsung dari komputer klien, bukan dari proxy server.
Proxy server juga dapat digunakan untuk mengamankan private network yang dihubungkan ke sebuah jaringan publik (misalnya Internet). Proxy server memiliki lebih banyak fungsi daripada router yang memiliki fitur packet filtering karena memang proxy server beroperasi pada level yang lebih tinggi dan memiliki kontrol yang lebih menyeluruh terhadap akses jaringan. Proxy server yang berfungsi sebagai sebuah "agen keamanan" untuk sebuah jaringan pribadi, umumnya dikenal sebagai firewall.

Membangun PC Router dengan Linux Ubuntu

langkah pertama untuk membangun router dengan linux ubuntu adalah sebagai berikut :
1. Login ke sistem, dengan menggunakan User dan Password pada saat menginstal ubuntu server.
2. Setelah login, sekarang masuk sebagai root agar lebih leluasa dalam pengaturan konfigurasi.
$sudo su
Kemudian masukkan password root anda. Apabila password root anda tidak ada, coba ketik:
$passwd root
Kemudian masukan password root sebanyak 2 kali.
3. Edit konfigurasi ethernet dengan perintah
#nano /etc/network/interfaces
edit tulisan ini sesuai dengan kondisi komputer anda.
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.200
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
broadcast 192.168.1.255
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.0.50
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
broadcast 192.168.0.255
simpan dengan menekan ctrl + x lalu tekan y dan enter
4. Setelah itu , Kita akan memasukkan DNS. Caranya yaitu dengan mengetikkan perintah :
#nano /etc/resolv.conf
Kemudian, isi filenya dengan :
nameserver 192.168.1.1
nameserver 208.67.222.222
simpan dengan menekan ctrl + x lalu tekan y dan enter
5. Agar settingan yg kita buat dapat berfungsi, maka perlu restart network dengan cara tulis di terminal
#/etc/init.d/networking restart
6. Ok, setelah networknya udah siap sekarang kita akan masuk ke proses routing.
Ket : eth0 = Router -> modem
eth1 = Router -> client
Sekarang kita edit sysctl.conf dgn cara
#nano /etc/sysctl.conf
Kemudian cari tulisan
# net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1
hilangkan tanda pagar menjadi:
net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1
Pastikan angkanya sama dengan 1
simpan, kemudian keluar.
Keterangan :
-> Tanda pagar (#) berarti kata setelahnya adalah komentar
-> 1 berarti kernel di perbolehkan untuk routing
-> 0 kernel tidak bisa melakukan proses routing
7. Setelah semuanya selesai kita harus memasukkan script routing agar jaringannya tau kemana jaringan akan di routing, yaitu dengan cara ketikan di terminal:
#/sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0 -d 0/0 -j MASQUERADE
Ket :
-t nat berfungsi untuk membuat table nat pada IP table
-A POSTROUTING berfungsi untuk membuat aturan baru pada postrouting
192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0 yaitu ip client yang akan di routing berkisar 0 – 255
-d 0/0 Mencari sumber keluar perintah 0/0 artinya akan mencari dalam bentuk global
-j MASQUERADE perintah ini akan mengarahkan rantai paket kebagian tertentu tapi tanpa source.
Ok, semua langkah – langkah sudah selesai sekarang routing sudah berfungsi. Tapi sebelum itu harus di ketahui bahwa konfigurasi dengan menggunakan iptables barusan hanya bersifat sementara, jadi kalo pc server di reboot, settingan nya akan hilang.
8. Untuk menjalankan perintah routing pada saat komputer dinyalakan yaitu dengan menyimpan script routing kedalam rc.local. Caranya tulis di terminal
#nano /etc/rc.local
masukkan perintah routing tersebut ke dalam rc.local, cukup di copy aja yg di bawah ini :
/sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0 -d 0/0 -j MASQUERADE
kemudian save. Skrip di atas diletakkan di atas exit 0.
jika sudah selesai kompter restart, apakah settinggan yang telah kita buat tadi masih ada...
Sumber : Google.com & http://www.kaskus.us/showpost.php?p=137277117&postcount=3

Senin, 14 Maret 2011

Definisi router

ROUTER adalah suatu alat pada dunia komputer yang berguna untuk membelokkan data dari suatu sistem jaringan ke sistem yang lain. Logikanya sebuah sistem jaringan tidak dapat berpindah ke sistem yang lain. Exp Sis A. Menggunakan IP 192.168.1.1 dan Sis B. Menggunakan IP 192.168.2.1 Maka Kompi yang menggunakan Sis A tidak dapat melakukan komunikasi dengan Sis B tanpa Router.
Prinsip Kerja router sangat mudah yakni membelokkan data dari satu Sis ke Sis yang lain. Untuk konfigurasi Router dengan menggunakan PC ( OS WIN Xp ) sangatlah Mudah :
1. Pastikan Kompi anda memiliki minimal 2 buah LAN Card ( Apabila anda hanya menggunakan 2 Sis )
2. Berikan konfigurasi jaringan sesuai Sis yang anda gunakan pada setiap LAN Card. ( Pastikan tiap lan menggunakan Sis yang berbeda )
3. Ping atau test koneksi ke tiap Sis, dari router. pastikan Semua koneksi dalam keadaan Baik
4. Share Lan card Anda dengan cara :
- Klik kanan pada Lan Card Kemudian pada Tab Advance Pastikan ada pilihan use another network to bla bla bla dst.
- Setelah itu coba lakukan ping dari komputer lain ( Antar client yang berbeda Sis ), Pastikan Jawaban Replay
5. Selamat Mencoba :)
NB. Hal ini bagus di gunakan apabila kantor anda memiliki IP yaang tidak memadai sehingga orang tetap dapat berinteraksi dengan sis anda. Usahakan agar sis ini di bagi dalam beberapa kelas sesuai dengan Posisi komputer sehingga Stabilitas jaringan anda lebih terjamin dan lebih mudah untuk mencari masalah ( Troubel Shooting ) jaringan.
sumber :http://organisasi.org/pengertian-definisi-router-dedicated-or-pc-router-dan-informasi-penjelasan-ilmu-pengetahuan-komputer